ODD

Abstract: OpenODC is an open-source project that turns the Chinese national standard GB/T 45312-2025 (Intelligent Connected Vehicles — Operational Design Conditions for Automated Driving Systems) into a machine-readable public dataset. It currently includes a 144-element ODC schema, six public sample profiles (Tesla FSD Supervised, Tesla China ADAS, Huawei Qiankun ADS 4, Apollo Go Wuhan operations, XPeng XNGP, Pony.ai Gen-7 Robotaxi), a coverage matrix, dual developer-/consumer-views, and a planned OEM-evidence workbench. This post is both the project’s origin note and a public invitation — including the explicit option to hand the project off to a more suitable steward, free of charge. ...

Abstract: In Q1 2026, “Harness Engineering” surfaced almost simultaneously at OpenAI, Anthropic, and the Chinese startup Nextie, and the “12 Primitives” converged in the open-source community as a shared taxonomy. This essay argues that essentially all mainstream investment in Harness has concentrated in a single dimension — user experience, performance, efficiency — while the dimension that actually determines market access in Safety-Critical domains (autonomous driving, medical AI, financial risk control) has been collectively skipped: safety compliance. By constructing a two-way mapping between the 12 Harness Primitives and SOTIF (ISO 21448), this essay identifies 12 concrete research directions, offered as a starting point for standardization bodies, corporate R&D, third-party institutions, and academic labs to jointly fill in this commons. A ~3000-word Chinese short form is available on the author’s WeChat channel. ...